Question

How do large food particles enter an emoeba?

Answer 1

I assume a form of Phagocytosis through extension of pseudopodia to engulf the particel and enclose it in a vacuole for enzyme breakdown and absorbsion

Answer 2

vacuoles are small water filled sacs within a cell to provide structure within a cell. a lysosome, however, is an enzyme filled sac which is the organelle within a cell responsible for breaking down nutrition. and the process of taking in large food particles in an emoeba is called endocytosis. (phagocytosis is an immunal response found in macrophages..)

Answer 3

Vacuoles are not only water filled sacs, lysosomes bind to these to release enzymes into the vesicle, there is no way to enclose the particle, enzyme and acids outside the cell there must be inter cell fusion between the two 'bubbles' of membranes to allow the interaction of the lysosome and particles
Nearly there now :) I mentioned similar to phagocytosis, not identical. A similar chemical cascade happens in both to produce the pseudopodia needed for the cell to enclose the particle.
Last but not least Endocytosis is the umbrella term for this. It can be classified again under 4 categories;

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is mediated by small (approx. 100 nm in diameter) vesicles. Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) are found in virtually all cells and form domains of the plasma membrane termed clathrin-coated pits.

Caveolae are the most common reported non-clathrin-coated plasma membrane buds, which exist on the surface of many, but not all cell types. They can constitute up to a third of the plasma membrane area of the cells of some tissues.

Macropinocytosis, which usually occurs from highly ruffled regions of the plasma membrane, is the invagination of the cell membrane to form a pocket, which then pinches off into the cell to form a vesicle (0.5–5 µm in diameter) filled with a large volume of extracellular fluid and molecules within it (equivalent to ~100 CCVs). The filling of the pocket occurs in a non-specific manner. The vesicle then travels into the cytosol and fuses with other vesicles such as endosomes and lysosomes.

Phagocytosis is the process by which cells bind and internalize particulate matter larger than around 0.75 µm in diameter, such as small-sized dust particles, cell debris, micro-organisms and even apoptotic cells, which only occurs in specialized cells. These processes involve the uptake of larger membrane areas than clathrin-mediated endocytosis and caveolae pathway.

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