Question

hi can anyone give me some pointers when dealing with the gas laws in chemistry?

Answer 1

Gases - for example air, hydrogen, helium, oxygen, nitrogen and methane - differ greatly in their chemical properties. however, they have in common a number of laws governing their physical properties

-Boyle's law states that at an constant temperature, the of a given mass of any gas is inversely proportional to the pressure of the gas.
-Charles law states that at a constant pressure, the volume of a given mass of any gas is directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature.
- Gay -Lussac's Law of combining volumes states that when given gases react, the volumes consumed in the reaction bear a simple whole number ration to each other, and to the volumes of any gaseous product of the reaction. all have to be measure under same conditions of temperature and pressure :)
-Avogadro's law states that equal volumes of gases, under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, contain equal numbers of molecules.
-The mole is the SI unit of amount of substance.
- The mole of any sybstance is defined as the amount of substance that contains as many particles as there are atoms.
- One mole of any substance contains Avogadro's number (6 x \[^{10}23\) of particles.
- Standard temperature and pressure (s.t.p) = 273K and 101 325Pa.
- One mole of any gas at s.t.p. occupies a volume of 22.4 litres.
-The relative molecular mass (M/r) of a substance is the average mass of a molecule of the substance relative to one-twelfth of the mass of an atom of (12/C). It can be found experimentally using a mass spectrometer.
- The relative molecular mass of a substance is calculated by adding the relative atomic masses of all atoms in it's molecule.
-The mass in grams of a mole of a substance is called molar mass.
-The relative molecular mass of a substance is numerically equal to it's molar mass.
-Number of moles of a substance = mass/molar mass
-The combined gas law is : P1V1 = P2V2 over T1 and T2
-The combined gas law can be used to convert volumes to their s.t.p. values.
-The relative molecular mass of a volatile liquid can be found experimentally by a method based on the PV =nRT relationship. In this experiment either a conical flask or a gas syringe is filled with the vapour of the volatile liquid.