Question

An astronaut floating in space throws a small
hand tool away from his space shuttle. Which of
the following statements is true


(A) The velocity of the astronaut is equal and
opposite to the velocity of the tool.
(B) The kinetic energy of the tool is equal to the
kinetic energy of the astronaut.
(C) The momentum of the astronaut is greater
than the momentum of the tool.
(D) The impulse applied to the astronaut is
equal and opposite to the impulse applied to
the tool.
(E) The force applied to the tool is greater than
the force applied to the astronaut

Answer 1

its D because according to Newton's third law of motion, reaction force equals the action force so in this case the force on the astronaut and the hand tool is the same and acts for the same interval of time.

Answer 2

everything except d option is wrong
a) velocity of bag and man need not be equal as only action-reaction forces are equal
b)total energy of system remains conserved meaning initial k.e+p.e=final k.e+p.e
c)momentum of the system is conserved and the astronaut might have even statred with 0 velocity...
d)by action reaction forces, force on tool is equal and opposite to the force on man

this leaves us with only d) as force over same time is same as
impulse=F*t