Question

can someone explain to me each one of these breifly (ans in simple and layman terms as much as possible because i am completely naive in chemistry) and also which gas law corresponds to which postulate number..

Answer 1

KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

1) The particles are so small compared with the distances between them that the volume of the individual particles can be assumed to be negligible (zero).

2) The particles are in constant motion. The collisions of the particles with the walls of the container are the cause of the pressure exerted by the gas.

3) The particles are assumed to exert no forces on each other; they are assumed neither to attract nor to repel each other.

4) The average kinetic energy of a collection of gas particles is assumed to be directly proportional to the Kelvin temperature of the gas.

Answer 2

1) Assume particles are point masses (mass with no volume). Relates to the ideal gas law in that we are assuming the particles are relatively small, so no van der Waal forces are factored into calculations.
2) Collisions by particles create pressure. Heating up a gas increases the speed and frequency with which a particle hits, so temperature increases create pressure increases (relates to Charles's Law). Also, shortening the volume of the gas closes on the molecules, so the particles will hit the enclosure more frequently, thus increasing the pressure (relates to Boyle's Law in that decreasing volume increases pressure).
3) Similar to the explanation in 1).
4) Similar to 2) in that increased temperature increases the average speed of the molecules, thus leading to more frequent, higher-energy collisions, thus increasing the pressure.

Answer 3

so in 1) it's the ideal gas law? since it's not the van der waals?

Answer 4

Yep.

Answer 5

that also means 1) is STP right?

Answer 6

Not necessarily. Just as long as the gas is at high temperature, low pressure.

Answer 7

which gas law relates to 3) i remember something in it

Answer 8

Once again, the Ideal Gas Law, since we are not assuming van der Waal forces exist in the gas.

Answer 9

oh one more thing...which gas law relates pressure and temperature? is it gay-lussac's?

Answer 10

Yes.

Answer 11

okay thanks