When judges decide not to hear a case because it concerns a matter not typically decided by courts, they are exercising judicial a. restriction. b. limitation. c. restraint. d. review.
"Restraint" is probably the word being sought here. But the question is a little bizarre: except for the Supreme Court, every US court is obliged to hear every case brought before it. A judge can rapidly dismiss a case, provided he gives a reason that will stand up to any appeal. But he cannot refuse to hear it nor refuse to make a decision about it. The exception is, as I said, the US Supreme Court, which is permitted by law to decide which cases from US Circuit Courts of Appeal it will hear. In fact, it hears only a few, simply because it only has time to hear a few.
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