Question

Describe the structure and function of the lysosome.

Why does the lysosome have a different pH than the cytoplasm?

(Just to clarify, these aren't test questions. They're on a study guide).

Answer 1

the lysosome breaks up dead/malfuctioning organelles down along with other debris that could damage the other organelles. It has enzymes that require a lower pH to break them up, similar to what happens in your stomach when you digest food

Answer 2

I ♥ you :D

Answer 3

haha thank you.. ? (:

Answer 4

I'm counting on you to remember all these things, eh

Answer 5

2 more? :3

Answer 6

if i know them, sure

Answer 7

How do cells store for the long term? How is it then broken down to fuel the cells?

Describe how food is broken down to make ATP.

Answer 8

well... technically, 3.

Answer 9

cells process carbohydrate into fats to store them for long term, the fat is later hydrolysed to make Acetyl-coA and products that are used in glycolysis

Answer 10

hahah do you need me to explain every process in cellular respiration or just an overview? because that would take like a half hour..

Answer 11

okay, food is ingested broken up in your stomach into simple sugars and amino acids, etc... then absorbed in your stomach and small intestine mostly, when they reach individual cells they arrive as glucose and are oxidized.. .which is composed of 4 parts.. 1. glycolysis.. glucose is phosphorylated and split apart into 3 carbon chains (pyruvate) and produces some ATP. 2. pyruvate processing basically moves around the carbons in to Acetyl-Coa and also produces CO2 and electron carrier NADH (which is later used in ETC).. (3) Krebs/Citric acid cycle: Acetyl-coA arrives and is mixed in with an acid called oxaloacetate, these get further oxidized and produce more NADH and FADH2 ..and more ATP. then (4) ETC: electron transport chain.. this is the more difficult process to understand but basically NADH and FADH2 bring their electrons over and these are passed down a bunch of molecules and a little energy is released every time (because each of these have lower potential energy because of their arrangement of electrons). This pumps H+ from the mitochondrial matrix into the inter membrane space (inside cristae) and this creates a potential gradient. This gradient is used by a protein which, as H+ flow back out through it, phosphorylate ADP into ATP. This is the most efficient process.

In absence of oxygen the cell, instead, ferments the glucose and produces lactic acid (which is what makes your muscles sore after a crazy work out).

is that good enough?

Answer 12

Schmaybe.