Question

Define the function and structureDNA
mRNA, RNA polymerase, base pairing, transcription ,translation ,tRNA, rRNA, ribosomes, amino acids, protein

Answer 1

I know the basics but I need more specifics to write an essay

Answer 2

You got any idea of the size of that question?

Answer 3

what?

Answer 4

well i basically need what deals with dna replication

Answer 5

So the central dogma is going to be the frame for the answer?

Answer 6

i think

Answer 7

Natrue usually make some awesome animations if they can do?

Answer 8

They give an ok idea of the overall pic.

Answer 9

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3HVVi2k2No

Answer 10

Transcription consist of 3 phases:
1) Initiation
2) Elongation
3) Termination

1) Transcription factors bind to the place where the transcription is going to happen (the promotor) along with the RNA polymerase.

2) As transcription proceeds, RNA polymerase traverses the template strand and uses base pairing complementarity with the DNA template to create an RNA copy

3) cleavage of the new transcript followed by template-independent addition of As at its new 3' end, in a process called poly-adenylation.

Answer 11

This is the first part of the film in short terms.

Answer 12

yes i remember the first two points.

Answer 13

It did not show the last very good. But just important you know that in one end (3') of the mRNA is a poly A tail and in the other (5') is a 5′-CAP.

Answer 14

The poly A tail is just a lot of adenosine monophosphates

Answer 15

Getting it so far? :)

Answer 16

somewhat, idk what a tail is

Answer 17

what is base pairing?

Answer 18

Emmm... imagen you have the mRNA string then the poly A tail make it look like this:
UGCGUGCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA (the poly A tail)

Answer 19

oh i get it now. but would it find it's complimentary ?

Answer 20

No no. The mRNA is a single string, it does not base pair with a complimentary string.

Base pairing is the principal that only C and G go together and A and T in DNA or for RNA C with G and A with U.

Answer 21

ok, I understand. So DNA is the only one that has a helix. I think i am getting it clear now

Answer 22

Right.

Answer 23

I read "A ribosome attaches to an mRNA molecule in the cell’s cytoplasm.
As each codon passes through the ribosome, tRNA molecules bring the corresponding amino acid into the ribosome. Each tRNA molecule has a set of three unpaired nitrogenous bases, called the anticodon" what is a ribosome and what are tRNA molecules?

Answer 24

btw I have a little figure for you if it may help you:
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
http://assets.openstudy.com/updates/attachments/516dbba9e4b0104c00c766b7-frostbite-1366146189705-centraldogmaofmolecularbiology..png

Answer 25

Right.

Answer 26

Okay to take one at the time:
The ribosome is partly a protein, partly RNA. The ribosomes are the "translation machine" in this process (translation)

tRNA (transport-RNA) is RNA with an anti-cordon that may be complimentary the codons on the mRNA (3 bases = 1 cordon). On the tRNA is as you say an amino acid.

To make an analogy how this work we can make it like a translate machine:
We enter a coded text where 3 letters stands for 1 letter in our language. So the machine start by looking at the first 3 letters and then type out 1 letter in our language.
The 3 letters in code language are mRNA bases, and the 1 letter in our language is an amino acid.

Molecularly what happens is that the ribosome captures the mRNA and then it base pair the codon with the complementary anticodon. When this happens the amino acid is released on to the ribosome. Then a new codon come and a new anti codon base pair, the amino acid is released and linked to the amino acid from before.

Answer 27

thank you, I understand everything much better now.

Answer 28

one last question, the amino acids is what makes the proteins, right?

Answer 29

Yes amino acids make up proteins. Imagine a string of beads. The full string makes the protein, and each bead is an amino acid.

Answer 30

And no problem at all. We have skipped a important process known as "splicing" ever heard of that? (if you haven't I don't think you should know it)

Answer 31

@melody16 ..Detailed discription would be given in your book for sure...You just need to read it carefully..:)

Answer 32

No i haven't heard of that. and ryaan I don't have a book and in the lessons I am reading doesn't have the details and doesnt ask for it but I want them so i could understand better

Answer 33

True, but this is a hard topic :) We don't even know how everything work yet :)

Answer 34

@melody then you'll read it in detail if you take (those subjects) related to it.. in future..:) So just chill and focus on what is given in your lessons..understand the basic thing first..

Answer 35

Hehe, I promiss there are a lot of things to do... some of the latest I have been introduced to by my last Ph.D teacher in biology was about that RNF8 and RNF168 but not HERC2 are required for DNA damage-induced ubiquitylation in chicken DT40 cell...

Answer 36

Ph.Ds.... they get money and get to be awesome at the same time.... *sigh*

Answer 37

I did not understand any of that but ok lol

Answer 38

Anyway, anything else you need to get cleared up? :)

Answer 39

no, I have enough information. THANK YOU