Question

according to atmospheric temperature and CO2 concentration records derived from Antarctic ice cores, Earth's climate has undergone significant changes over the past 200,000 years. 2 graphs are shown. the upper graph shows variation in atmospheric CO2 concentration and the lower graph shows the variation in temperature. both graphs cover the same time period from approximately 200,000 years ago until 1950. calculate the mean rate of change of atmospheric CO2 concentration between 140,000 years ago and 125,000 years ago. give your answer to the nearest thousandth

Answer 1

mean means average, so,

\[\Delta rate=\frac{ \Delta[CO _{2}] }{ \Delta t }=\frac{|[CO _{2}]_{140000} -[CO _{2}]_{125000}|}{ |140000-125000| }\]

Answer 2

ok you're just gonna have to stop responding cause I never understand what you're saying

Answer 3

that is nowhere on my equations sheet

Answer 4

well I'm basically saying subtract the CO2 atmospheric concentration at 125000 years from the CO2 concentration at 140000 years.

then divide that by 140000-125000

this way you find the change in CO2 concentration per year

Answer 5

\[Q _{10}=(\frac{ k _{2} }{k _{1}})^\frac{ 10 }{ t _{2}-t _{1} }\]

Answer 6

that's for temperature coefficient \[Q _{10}\]

Answer 7

what is that equation for?

Answer 8

you'll have to flip it

Answer 9

i mean, what would you use it for? the question is asking for "the mean rate of change of atmospheric CO2 concentration between 140,000 years ago and 125,000 years ago"

Answer 10

idk that's all I got in relation

Answer 11

you're essentially finding the slope of the graph between the years they specified.

Answer 12

I'm so close to being done with this page. this question and one more. just want to be done with it :/

Answer 13

okay, you need to find 2 things on the graph.

(1) the concentration of CO2 at 200,000 years ago
(2) the concentration of CO2 at 125,000 years ago

what are the values for that?

Answer 14

the graph is posted above but it's backwards

Answer 15

it looks like 260 for 200,000 but it's not quite on the line

Answer 16

lol i can't see it, it's blurry
whats the other value?

Answer 17

idk. I can't tell

Answer 18

haha approximate

Answer 19

so it looks like 260 and 200

so rate=(260-200)/(140000-125000)=0.004 units/year

what are the units, it's blurry

Answer 20

how did you get 200?

Answer 21

find 125000 on the bottom axis and draw a line upward to intersect the graph, from that point draw a line to the y axis (CO2 concentration) (the line has to be parallel to the x axis)

Answer 22

that makes more sense now

Answer 23

and why is there a graph for temperature? what does that have to do with it?

Answer 24

i don't know, i think it was to throw you off.

Answer 25

ok the question asks the mean rate between 140,000 and 125,000 so why did you say 150,000

Answer 26

i thought i read that earlier but i was mistaken, it's not 150000

Answer 27

so it's 140,000? make up your mind!

Answer 28

ok so it was 260 and 200

Answer 29

oh damn, i read the numbers wrong, it's 140000 is 200, but 125000 is the second last number from the top

Answer 30

280?

Answer 31

okay so it's (280-200)/(140000-125000) = 0.0053333333333333

Answer 32

i'm 100% sure

Answer 33

it wants the mean rate, not range

Answer 34

which is basically the slope of the graph

slope=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)

you know

Answer 35

hey it's like 1:40 am. I'm doing good to come up with what I have

Answer 36

lol no problem, it's late here too, so I'm going. good luck

Answer 37

wouldn't you just add 200 and 280 and then divide by 2?

Answer 38

no

Answer 39

that's what it says to do for mean

Answer 40

Yes, but this is the mean *rate*, as in average rate.

For example, if you walked and jogged for a total of 5 km in 5 hours, then your average rate would be 1 km/hour, even though the rate at which you were moving varied.

5km/5hr=1 km/hr

It's the same thing for the question you're answering

Answer 41

so what do I do???????

Answer 42

i told you like 2 days ago..

slope=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)=(280-200)/(140000-125000) = 0.0053333333333333

Answer 43

I just can't connect that with the question. how does that give the correct answer

Answer 44

ok you can post graphs all you want that still doesn't help

Answer 45

do you know how to plot a graph and find the slope of a line?

Answer 46

yes I already had Algebra I,II, and geometry. my problem is typically when going into AP Bio you would've already had AP stats which teaches you how to read and do word problems and I haven't had it yet. I'm taking it this year with AP bio and AP english

Answer 47

ohh okay. well to solve this question, you basically have to find the average slope of the line, joining the points on the graph, given in the question.

Don't get confused with the word mean.

When you take the mean of a list of number you take the highest and the lowest and average them out.

It's essentially the same for this, but you have to acknowledge the fact that you're looking for the rate, which means the slope.

When you're looking for the average rate, you have to account for negative and positive rates. These will be equal to just taking the first and last points, then diving over the span of the line.

Answer 48

ok that last part confused me

Answer 49

lol this is why you have to take math before hand.

positive and negative rates are when they slope is positive and negative, respectively. (CO2 is increasing and decreasing)

Answer 50

I'm sorry I'm trying to concentrate on this as well as talk to a SPH

Answer 51

no worries. It's the mathematical concept you're not understanding.

you should consult the math section maybe someone has a better explanation than i do.

Answer 52

well it would help if I could concentrate but they need me to stay focused on them

Answer 53

i don't know what an SPH is, but i would advise you to contact them later and focus on your school work.

Answer 54

Suicide Prevention Hotline

Answer 55

Oh, well i'd advise you to take a break from your school work and talk to them for a while. It will clear your mind.

Answer 56

you realize that's the exact opposite of what you told me to do 2 seconds ago?

Answer 57

and really at the rate I'm going I can't. I don't even have the first page done (there's like 30) and it's due on the 8th. plus a whole other assignment, also due the 8th

Answer 58

well i'm advising you to do one or the other, not both, because you say you can't concentrate.

Additionally, i already told you how to answer the question. You're basically finding the slope:


slope=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
=(280-200)/(140000-125000) = 0.0053333333333333

the question asks you to give the answer to nearest thousandth.

so, average rate = 0.005

Answer 59

don't forget the units

Answer 60

would you rather me do my homework and try to get help or go to bed and let my grandmother take out the internet because she's pissed at me and then I go jump off a bridge?

Answer 61

what units? I don't even know

Answer 62

carbon monoxide in that graph is in PPM and I am not sure if there's methane it would be PPB
the units we use are parts-per unit

Answer 63

I couldn't read it. too small

Answer 64

http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/images/indicator_downloads/ghg-concentrations-download1-2012.png

http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/pdfs/print_ghg-concentrations-2012.pdf