Question

why is electric field inside a conductor zero?is it due to hall effect?

Answer 1

No.Inside a conductor electrons are free to move and they will distribute themselves inside the conductor in exactly the appropriate way to cancel any externally applied field inside the conductor.The only way that they can do that is by distributing themselves at surface of a conductor. If there were any electric field inside the current would flow, but nature tries to overcome that and brings the charges to their lower potential energy. You can understand that using Gauss's law as well. Gauss's law says that the electric field at closed sphere is caused by charges inside that sphere.

When you talk about hall effect I guess you think of electric field being zero as the charges are falling apart towards outer surface. It's true but in fact they actually cause the electric field

We consider the electric field inside the conductor being zero due to net charge on the conductor.

Answer 2

When a charge is exposed to a net electric field, it experiences a net force, and thus acceleration.

This acceleration occurs until the charges align in such a way make make the net electric field in the conductor zero. No net electric field, no movement, no change.

Answer 3

@Fifciol "The only way that they can do that is by distributing themselves at surface of a conductor."...is there any mathematical reasons for this?

Answer 4

I think it's just an experimental fact and the intuition suggests that if the charges were inside they would interfere with the natural arrangement of uncharged conductor. Mathematically gauss's law explains that behavior, but it was made after we'd realized these facts.

Answer 5

thanks:)

Answer 6

yw:)