Question

Help for a medal and best answer :)))

any details you could give me over this would be very helpful, thank you c:
Anaconda Plan
Nullification Theory
State's rights
Reconstruction
Radical Republicans
President Johnson's impeachment
Jim Crow laws
Poll taxes and literacy tests
Sharecropping
Battle of Little Big Horn
Sand Creek Massacre
Battle of Wounded Knee
13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

Answer 1

The Anaconda Plan was drawn up by General Winfield Scott to end the American Civil War in favor of the North. The plan was never officially adopted by the Union, but elements of it were employed throughout the course of the war. It involved four main parts.

1. Blockade the coast of the South to prevent the export of cotton, tobacco, and other cash crops from the South and to keep them from importing much needed war supplies.

2. Divide the South by controlling the Mississippi River to cut the South off from the west.

3. Divide the South by capturing the Tennessee River Valley and marching through Georgia to the coast.

4. Capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.

Although the plan was devised early in the war, it was derided by several newspapers and was reluctantly adopted by the Union's leaders. The plan as originally conceived by Scott also advised passivity, in that it suggested that once the Southern states were effectively cut off from their resources, the North should wait for capitulation. Nonetheless, the particulars of the plan were all carried through, the first three proving indeed to be the most decisive factors of the war.

1. Lincoln called for a blockade of the South on April 19, 1861, six days after the fall of Fort Sumter. The blockade itself, thought to be an impossible task against 3,000 miles of highly irregular coastline, was an unparalleled success within the first six months, and nearly impregnable within the first two years. The blockade accounted for the vast increase in the price of cotton abroad and the extreme scarcity of manufactured goods in the South by the end of the war, contributing to the South's defeat. It was the most successful naval blockade to date, and the first one carried out exclusively by the use of a national navy, without employing privateers.

Answer 2

Blockade the coast of the South to prevent the export of cotton, tobacco, and other cash crops from the South and to keep them from importing much needed war supplies. only one i know

Answer 3

aw okay thanks c: do you think you could help me with any of the other things?

Answer 4

Sharecropping:
With the southern economy in disarray after the abolition of slavery and the devastation of the Civil War, conflict arose between many white landowners attempting to reestablish a labor force and freed blacks seeking economic independence and autonomy. Many former slaves expected the federal government to give them a certain amount of land as compensation for all the work they had done during the slavery era. Union General William T. Sherman had encouraged this expectation in early 1865 by granting a number of freed men 40 acres each of the abandoned land left in the wake of his army. During Reconstruction, however, the conflict over labor resulted in the sharecropping system, in which black families would rent small plots of land in return for a portion of their crop, to be given to the landowner at the end of each year.

Answer 5

umm sure just ask me

Answer 6

Jim Crow Laws:
Jim Crow law, in U.S. history, any of the laws that enforced racial segregation in the South between the end of the formal Reconstruction period in 1877 and the beginning of a strong civil rights movement in the 1950s. Jim Crow was the name of a minstrel routine (actually Jump Jim Crow) performed beginning in 1828 by its author, Thomas Dartmouth (“Daddy”) Rice, and by many imitators, including actor Joseph Jefferson. The term came to be a derogatory epithet for blacks and a designation for their segregated life.

Answer 7

ok yay :))

Answer 8

Any others?

Answer 9

Go here for the State Rights.

http://www.civilwar.org/education/history/civil-war-overview/statesrights.html

Answer 10

Ok thank you c:

Answer 11

These 3 amendments all were focused on helping African Americans and other minorities strive in America, and not be discriminated for their race. All information used from U.S. Constitution Online.
13th Amendment

Ratified by 3/4 of states on December 6, 1865, the 13th amendment to the Constitution outlawed slavery in the United States. It took just under a year from its proposal to ratification for the amendment to be put into law forever. Although at the time, slavery was only legal in Kentucky and Delaware, it sent a strong message throughout the country that slavery was not allowed. Michigan was the third state to ratify the 13th amendment, while the most recent to accept the amendment was Mississippi in 1995.

Prior to this amendment, Congress consistently passed bills to protect slavery. Although most states had already independently banned slavery prior to this, the amendment served as a milestone in the change of policy. This amendment was proposed while the southern states had not been reinstated into the union just after the civil war, but it still struggled after being rejected by the House of Representatives. The house accepted it the next year after President Lincoln made a strong push of support for the amendment

14th Amendment

The Fourteenth Amendment to the constitution was ratified on July 9, 1868. This amendment was first intended to secure the rights of former slaves but has since branched off to include other groups such as senior citizens, women, children, and people with disabilities and is the center of Equality in America.

The first section of the Fourteenth Amendment says that anyone who is born in the United States is a United States citizen and should never be deprived of Life, Liberty, or Property without due process of law or deny anyone equal protection of the law. There is also writing within the section to prevent Congress from making laws to prevent these equal rights or by having The Supreme Court try to rule it unconstitutional such as in the Dred Scott decision. This section has been upheld through court decisions such as Plessy vs. Ferguson and United States vs. Wong Kim Ark.

The second section overrode that counted slaves as 3/5 of a person when determining the number of seats per state in the House of Representatives and Electoral College. The section determined that if a state did not allow any male over the age of 21 to vote that they would have their number of seats in the House decreased.

The third section prevents the election or appointment into state or federal office if that person had engaged in treason, insurrection, or rebellion. This was mainly provided to prevent war leaders from the Confederacy to take part in the government.

The fourth section basically said that the United States would not pay for any of the Confederate states' war debts or compensation for lost slaves.

The fifth section said that Congress would have the right to enforce everything within the amendment. Although this was seen broadly within the Supreme Court and in many cases in concerning the second section were ignored as this time was dominated by Jim Crow laws preventing blacks from voting yet the states kept all their states

15th Amendment

The 15th Amendment was written to protect the right of citizens to be able to vote, regardless of their race, color, or previous condition of servitude. Although this article promised a lot for African Americans of the time, states and local polls found loop holes in the legislation to prevent them from voting. De jure segregation continued to oppose African Americans from gaining a strong hold in politics. Poll taxes were used to discourage poor races from voting, along with literacy tests made it difficult. Property qualifications made it a requirement to own property in order to be able to vote. It wasn't until nearly 95 years later that the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed, which enforced the promises of the 15th Amendment, along with the 24th Amendment, which banned the poll tax from being required to vote.

The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1970 after almost 1 year of deciding after the proposal of it February 26, 1869. Michigan was the 5th state to ratify the 15th amendment, while Tennessee was the latest to sign it in 1997.

Source:
"Ratification of Constitutional Amendments", U.S. Constitution Online

Answer 12

Thank you :))))

Answer 13

yup any time

Answer 14

Lol what else is there to be answered?

Answer 15

There is the nullification theory, reconstruction, readical republicans, president johnson impeachment, battle of little bignorn sand creak massacre and the battle of wounded knee c:

Answer 16

The doctrine of nullification says that states can set aside federal laws. The idea of nullification during the 1830s was championed by John C. Calhoun of South Carolina. Calhoun was repeating Jefferson's assertions that states could override(nullify) any federal law judged unconstitutional.

Answer 17

Reconstruction was the period after the American Civil War in which attempts were made to solve the political, social, and economic problems arising from the readmission to the Union of the 11 Confederate states that had seceded at or before the outbreak of war.

Pres. Abraham Lincoln planned to readmit states in which at least 10% of the voters had pledged loyalty to the Union. This lenient approach was opposed by the Radical Republicans, who favoured the harsher measures passed in the Wade-Davis Bill. Pres. Andrew Johnson continued Lincoln's moderate policies, but enactment in the South of the black codes and demand in the North for stricter legislation resulted in victories for Radical Republicans in the congressional elections of 1866. Congress then passed the Reconstruction Acts of 1867, which established military districts in the South and required the Southern states to accept the 14th and 15th Amendments to the Constitution. Southern resentment of the imposed state governments, which included Republicans, carpetbaggers, and scalawags, and of the activities of the Freedmen's Bureau led to the formation of terrorist groups such as the Ku Klux Klan and the Knights of the White Camelia. By the 1870s conservative Democrats again controlled most state governments in the South. Though Reconstruction has been seen as a period of corruption, many constructive legal and educational reforms were introduced. The Reconstruction era led to an increase in sectional bitterness, dissension regarding the rights of blacks, and the development of one-party politics in the South.

Answer 18

The Radical Republicans were that part of the Congress who gainsaid with the Reconstruction Plan of President Lincoln in the aftermath of the American Civil War. However after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his Vice President Andrew Johnson took over as the next president of the United States. His viewpoints and strategies were more in sync with the Radical Republicans, according to whom the South should be punished severely for being responsible for all the catastrophes that took place during the American Civil War.

Nevertheless despite of this 'greater compatibility' that President Johnson shared with the Radical Republicans, they still disagreed with him, stating that Johnson's policies still did not contribute much towards punishing the South enough. The icing on the cake took place when some of the Confederate leaders were elected to some major positions in the Congress, which became a source of further anger for the Radical Republicans.

Hope that help :)

Answer 19

president johnson impeachment-He tried to fire Sec. of War Stanton, a violation of a law that existed then called the Tenure of Office Act, which forbade the President from firing cabinet members without consent of Congress. That was the technical reason. In reality, it was because he didn't agree with the Republcian Congress on how to deal with the defeated South.

Answer 20

The Little Big Horn, also know as Battle of Greasy Grass by the Lakotah, Dakotah, Nakotah Cheyenne, and Arahapo, was fought June 25 1876. The us government demanded the Free Lakotah, Cheyenne, and Arahapo return to the prison camps called reservations. The main war leader for the Lakotah was a renouned warrior called His Crazy Horse. The spiritual leader was a man named Buffalo Bull That Sits. Better known as Sitting Bull.



On june 24, custer made camp a few miles from the big village on the river. Custer saw from a spot called The Crows nest, the location of the village. on the morning of the 25th, custer saw his Crow Scouts taking of their army uniforms and putting on their traditional battle regalia, as well as war paint, he dismissed his scouts. When he asked his half breed chief of scouts what the Crow warriors were doing, he was told the the Crows answered this, "Tonight we are going home by a different trail, we shall go as warriors not soldiers" This meant they knew they would all be killed in the battle. They knew custer meant to attack a village that stretched for 5-7 miles along the valley floor, contained 4000-5000 warriors, with only some 250 soldiers.

It is falsely believed that His Crazy Horse, also known as Crazy Horse led the warriors. It was actually the Cheyenne who led the attack against custers men. The were wanting revenge for the cowardly attack on the peaceful villages at Sand Creek and Washata. over 2/3 of custers men perished at the Battle of Greasy Grass. According to Lakotah tradition the battle only took 15-20 minutes

It was the greatest victory any First Nation People ever had against the invading whites

Answer 21

The Sand Creek massacre (also known as the Chivington massacre or the Battle of Sand Creek) was an incident in the Indian Wars of the United States that occurred on November 29, 1864, when Colorado Territory militia attacked and destroyed a village of Cheyenne and Arapaho encamped on the eastern plains

Answer 22

Aw ok thank you :)) which is the one above the sand creek massacre tho?

Answer 23

oh wait no nvm c:

Answer 24

Yes that is the sand massacre

Answer 25

& The Last one:)
In December of 1890, a catastrophic event shook the Native American community, and well might have been the final act that resulted in the eventual depletion of the Native population and culture. On a lonely little hill in Wounded Knee, South Dakota, lies a memorial and burial ground for some of the casualties of the incident simply known as Wounded Knee.

In a simpler time, a Piaute holy man from Nevada devised, or was enlightened by, a new religious tradition called the Ghost Dance. Though government soldiers thought the Ghost Dance was a dangerous attempt by Native tribes to re-take lost tribal lands and revolt against their new government, the Ghost Dance was far less than that. A peaceful religion, it was believed that certain dances, songs and prayers would bring back to life their dead ancestors, return vanished buffalo herds, and restore the customs and traditions of the old ways, before the coming of the "white man."

In its effort to stifle the "revolt," soldiers were dispatched to halt all Ghost Dance activities, forcing many tribes and people to flee their homelands in search of a place where their cherished practices could still be employed. In so doing, around December of 1890, a group of Miniconjous Sioux, lead by Chief Big Foot, fled their Cheyenne River reservation, to travel some 150 miles across plains and the Badlands to a hopeful haven on the Pine Ridge reservation, where Chief Red Cloud had promised to welcome them.

Since the government had banned the Ghost Dance and all its related activities, any Natives continuing to practice the religion were arrested for "attempts to incite their people to war." Fearing the fleeing Miniconjous Sioux were going to rendezvous with Red Cloud in preparation of war, soldiers set out to capture the fleeing band. On December 28th, at Pine Ridge and close to Red Cloud's Oglalas Sioux, Big Foot's band ran into a military group of the rebuilt 7th cavalry, remnants of Custer's old regiment.

Fearing for the safety of his 120 men, and 230 women and children, Big Foot and some of his men moved toward the military group, carrying a white flag of truce. Assured by the cavalry Major Samuel M. Whiteside that there would be no fighting if Big Foot's band surrendered their weapons and came under military control, Big Foot agreed to the terms and accompanied the soldiers to their camp no Wounded Knee Creek.

The next morning, December 29, 1890, the Miniconjous Sioux were surrounded by the 7th Cavalry and ordered to relinquish their weapons. The Sioux had understood that, as soon as all guns were collected, they would be allowed to continue on to Pine Ridge Agency and Red Cloud's people just a few miles away. But, what is believed to be a "random shot," possibly caused by a deaf Sioux soldier who hadn't understood the order to give up his weapons, began a wholesale slaughter of innocent men, women and children.

It is believed that the accidental shot, fired while the deaf Native tried to maintain his hold on his weapon, caused others in the crowd (Native or white, there are counter claims as to which) to open fire. Suddenly, a peaceful surrender turned into a massacre, which resulted in the deaths of most of the 350 of Big Foot's band. Though some soldiers were also wounded and killed, many of them are thought to have died from their own cross-fires.

Many Sioux already disarmed, there was little chance for the Natives to defend themselves. Accounts differ as to exact numbers of the dead Sioux, but some may have escaped, while the remaining Natives were killed in their attempt to flee. Twenty-five of the army's soldiers died, while 37 soldiers and 2 civilians were reported wounded.

But the unnecessary killings didn't stop there. Shots continued to ring out, in spite of the overwhelming odds of soldiers against Sioux, as the soldiers tracked down and killed every living Native they found, even women and small children, regardless of their condition or willingness to surrender. It is even believed that children were brutally killed, after being promised they would be safe if they would surrender.

When the firing finally ceased, wounded soldiers and warriors were taken to the troops' quarters for medical attention. However, at least 49 wounded Sioux women and children were left unattended, lying in open wagons out in the freezing cold. Eventually, these women and children were carried into the agency church building, but how many lost their lives due to neglect is not immediately known.

Dead Sioux were left lying on the frozen ground of Wounded Knee, untouched for three days, allegedly because of a fierce winter storm that prevented soldiers from retrieving the bodies. Finally, the dead Natives were buried in one mass grave, a large trench dug out on the battlefield where they lost their lives.

Answer 26

Ok Thank you so much :) you really helped, do you know what president johnsons impeachment was?