how many protons are in an ion with 54 electron and -1 charge
An electron carries a charge of -1e. Therefore 54 electrons carry a total charge of -54. However, the ion contains a net charge of -1. That means that there is a counteracting +53 charge. Since every proton carries a charge of +1e, it is sensible to say that the ion contains 53 protons.
If the element is neutral, it means that the number of protons equals to the number of of electrons in the element. However, if the element has either a + charge, this means tjat the number of protons are greater than the number of electrons, the number being the value of charge. As for negative charge, it is vice versa. In this case, the element has a -1 charge, meaning there is 1 extra electron compared to the number of protons. Hence, number of protons should be 54-1=53
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