Question

what are some of the social reforms that helped during the industrial revolution

Answer 1

When the mass production of the Industrial Revolution flooded the market with affordable consumer goods, these manufactured goods greatly improved the living conditions of the citizens of these industrialized countries. When the cost of living decreased and the standard of living increased, the population experienced a large boom. Europe alone nearly increased by a factor of four, and on the American continents populations increased more than ten times between 1700 and 1900. This population boom came as a result of a high birthrate due to the lower cost of living and the lowering of death rates due to an increase in sanitary conditions and diets. The population boom that industrial nations began to go through in the 1800s was known as a demographic transition.
With the flourishing economies of these industrial nations migrants were encouraged. These migrants as well as natural citizens began to settle in cities and countries became more urbanized. Naturally cities were polluted as they were. The increase of people moving into urban environments led to a large concentration of air and water pollution. The industrialization also led to the development of new social classes, a middle class emerged when entrepreneurs and businessmen gained such a vast wealth in this new industrial capitalism. Businesspeople became so wealthy that there became a large gap in income, and when the line between the now-rich and the now-middle class were once somewhat blurred the classes and their power were now distinct.

Most families also went through large changes through the Industrial Revolution. Where most families were involved in agricultural work before industrialization, the factory system led to a change in the family structure. Most members of the family, including the children, were moved outside of the agricultural work involved in the household and they were shifted into working in mass production factories. Working class men enjoyed wages much higher than that of working women and even children before child labor laws were passed. The higher wages gave the men in the family a "bread-winner" type of status and they enjoyed a certain amount of standing over all the other members of the family.

With men moving outside of the home, women became more and more domesticated. If married women were going to start working outside of the home in the factory, they would have to leave their children in the care of someone else. Middle-class women were encouraged to stay at home and take care of the kids in their more traditional "homemaker" role. Children, unfortunately, served as low cost labor and were used in the factories that always offered a dangerous environment. The use of children as labor, those still around in some countries today, was diminished in industrialized countries in the mid 1800s when England passed child labor and regulation laws that limited the use of child labor and required children to have an education at least up until the age of 10.

Source:

Traditions and Encounters Volume II, by Jerry Bentley, Herbert Ziegler, and Heather Streets Class Lecture

Answer 2

Nice work @GirlByte

Answer 3

Thanks lol :b

Answer 4

what ? @GirlByte @Kfins99

Answer 5

I can make you a brief sentence lol

Answer 6

well i just need to know what they are

Answer 7

im sorry. i just saw what you wrote. i didnt see it before. thats perfect. thank you so much !

Answer 8

Conditions in City Life
•People flooded into cities from the country side in hopes of finding jobs.
•Exclusive neighborhoods were build for wealthy bourgeoisie, while the working poor was forced to live in the ghettos
•The poor were forced to tolerate intrusions even at the most intimate times.
•People were used to work and home being in the same place and it was normal for parents and children to work together
•Working day ranged from 12 to 16 hours
•As many as 8 to 10 people would share one room, families and single people of both gender would sleep together.
•Houses were built in rows or in squares with a common courtyard, in which there might be a water tap and a common toilet.
•There was little access to fresh air and little provision for clean water or removal of refuse, including human waste.
•When production was in demand, workers would work extremely hard for a long hours.
•When the market was slow, they worked at a more leisurely pace.
•Employers imposed fines and penalties for lateness, for interruptions in work and for absenteeism

Social structure as a result of Industrial Revolution
•Increase in standard of living eventually resulted from urbanization
•Gap between wealthy and working class still remained enormous
•Industrial and urban development made society more diverse and less unified
•Diversity within middle class
• Upper middle class: bankers, industrial leaders, large-scale commerce
• Diversified middle class: businessmen, professionals, merchants, doctors and lawyers
• Lower middle class: independent shopkeepers and small traders
•Working class: about 80% of population
•Many were peasants and hired hands (especially in Eastern Europe)
•Less unified and homogenous compared to middle classes
•Highly skilled workers were at the top of working class (about 15% of pop.)
•Semi-skilled workers: carpentry, bricklaying, successful factory workers
•Unskilled workers and domestic servants were at the bottom.

Changing family
•Romantic love most important reason for marriage by 1850
•After 1850 the work of most wives increasingly distinct and separate from their husbands.
•Middle-class women begin to organize and resist their second-class status to husbands
•Child rearing more child-centered with wife dominating the home domain.

Answer 9

After 1850, the nature of the industrial setting changed somewhat:

- Workers in Western societies received higher wages and shorter working hours, allowing more leisure time activities.
- With the increase in leisure time came popular interest in the theater and in sports.
- Additional employment opportunities arose in secretarial work and sales. Some of these jobs were filled by women, especially those who were unmarried.
- The mass production of clothing made it more affordable, allowing the general population to wear similar fashions.
- Popular consumption of manufactured goods led to advertising campaigns.

Answer 10

Oh lol I just saw what you just wrote too... you're welcome CX

Answer 11

lol. thank you so so so much ! i really appreciate it!(:

Answer 12

thanks i really appreciate it as well !!:D @Kfins99