find the minimum velocity to be imparted to a body so that it escapes from solar system
Its kinetic energy must exceed the potential energy due to gravitation from the sun, (1/2) m v^2 > G m M / r where G is universal gravitation constant, m and M are its mass and solar mass and r is how far from the sun it starts.
to escapes from Earth k.e energies should exceed the total energy (1/2) m v^2 > ke + pe now pe = -gmM/r (r= radius of earth + height above the surface of earth ) ke= (1/2) m v^2 but v^2 =gm/r (r= radius of earth + height above the surface of earth ) KE = 1/2gmM/r therefore T .E > ke+ pe T .E > -gmM/2r (r= radius of earth + height above the surface of earth ) (1/2) m v^2 > -gmM/2r (r= radius of earth + height above the surface of earth )
The escape velocity needed will depend on where the object starts and which gravitational field / potential is dominant. I assumed "Sun" from "solar system," but perhaps "Earth" is what is wanted. Thus, mass of earth and distance from it or mass of sun and distance from it would prevail.
Join our real-time social learning platform and learn together with your friends!