Question

how does an enzyme match a specific substrate

Answer 1

The substrate binds to the enzyme at the active site.

•
Increasing the temperature generally increases the rate of the reaction, but dramatic changes in temperature and pH can denature the protein, thereby inhibiting the chemical reaction.

•
The induced fit model states a substrate binds to an active site, and both change shape slightly, causing an ideal fit for catalyzing the reaction.

•
When an enzyme binds its substrate, it forms an enzyme-substrate complex, which lowers the activation energy of the reaction and promotes its rapid progression.

•
Enzymes promote chemical reactions by bringing substrates together in an optimal orientation, contorting the substrates, and creating an ideal environment.

•
The enzyme will always return to its original state at the completion of the reaction, after which it releases its substrates.

refer to https://www.boundless.com/biology/metabolism/enzymes/enzyme-active-site-and-substrate-specificity/

Answer 2

An enzyme-substrate complex forms when the enzyme’s active site binds with the substrate. The shape of the enzyme must match the shape of the substrate. Enzymes are therefore very specific; they will only function correctly if the shape of the substrate matches the active site.

Answer 3

Biochemical transformations occur at the active site of an enzyme, this location is a cavity that hosts a microenvironment. It has a specific geometry that complements the substrate, chemically, with various R groups of amino acids through intermolecular interactions. The recognition process occurs through the non-covalent complementarity between the active site and the substrate.