Question

Place the correct number in each position, indicating the number of electrons or protons in each position for a zinc atom (Z=30) according to the Bohr-Stoner scheme of the structure of atoms.

Answer 1

Do you know electron configuration?

Answer 2

30 obviously goes to the nucleus to balance out the 30 electrons.

Answer 3

Not really, that's what I'm struggling with.

Answer 4

So it isn't 30 total?

Answer 5

Well then let's start of with blocks. Do you know the different blocks? It's fine if you don't. I can explain it all.

Answer 6

Yeah that would probably be best

Answer 7

Alright. I'll explain from the beginning. The electrons go to the lowest energy levels first to conserve energy. This is called Hund's rule. There are 4 blocks on the periodic table.

Answer 8

This is the general outline. Pardon my terrible hand eye coordination.

Answer 9

You're helping me out, I can pardon just about anything.

Answer 10

So to the left(alkali and alkali earth if you know about groups), are part of the S block. The transition metals compose the D block, and the halogens, noble gases, etc, make up the P block. The bottom is the f block, but we don't need to worry about this right now.

Answer 11

Do you get what's explained so far? If not, I'll try to clarify more.

Answer 12

I think I have it

Answer 13

Memorize those blocks. Those are essential to electron configuration.

Answer 14

Okay

Answer 15

Any questions before we go on to notation?

Answer 16

No i'm okay

Answer 17

Alright. So when using the notation, you go from the upper left, across. Ex: 1s2. The 1 represents the row. The S represents the block. The 2 indicated that there are 2 electrons filling that orbital. Make sense? If so, what element did I choose?

Answer 18

the 2 also indicates the column.

Answer 19

I feel like its either Helium or Hydrogen

Answer 20

Except that there isn't really a first row second column in the S block, it's only hydrogen on top

Answer 21

Or at least that's how it seems

Answer 22

Well...the number after the letter usually represents the column. I forgot that it's a little different for Hydrogen and Helium, but yea, you did great! :) 1s2 is helium. 1s1 is hydrogen.

Answer 23

So those are always the first two you should put when using electron notation. 1s1, 1s2, can you guess what the next will be? You're at the end of the periodic table, so where do you start from? (hint: left)

Answer 24

lithium

Answer 25

Yup. Now here's where the next rule comes in. If lithium isn't the element, then you write the notation for the last element(in that row) for the specific block.

Answer 26

So how does this apply to the structure of the atom? As in where I would put those numbers in the orbits?

Answer 27

I'll get there in a bit. Do you know what comes after the 1s2? In the second row, what's the last element in the S block? Can you write it in notation form for me?

Answer 28

I just want to make sure you have this down solid. Not only for the question but also for future reference.

Answer 29

2s2, Beryllium

Answer 30

Okay thank you so much, to be honest I can't say I've actually learned a ton from this class. Thankfully I'm just about done.

Answer 31

Then continue on that row. What's the last element in that row AND what block is it in?(hint: d block isn't used)

Answer 32

Neon, p block

Answer 33

What column is it in? (1 is the first column in the block, ignore all other blocks)

Answer 34

8

Answer 35

Assuming we're ignoring D block

Answer 36

So based on what I said earlier, what is its notation?

Answer 37

2p8

Answer 38

Yup. Then repeat the step. Back to the S block's last element notation of the next row.

Answer 39

Which would be magnesium?

Answer 40

Yup. And that notation is...

Answer 41

3s2

Answer 42

1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2 This is what we have so far. (The 2p8 is wrong. Starting from the columns contained in the p block, it goes 1-6)

Answer 43

I'm sure you can predict what's next.

Answer 44

Um not really no....

Answer 45

It always goes from left to right. What's to the right of the s block? (hint: must still be the same row)

Answer 46

Aluminum?

Answer 47

Never mind, not in p block. Silicon?

Answer 48

It's actually Argon. The noble gases will always be the last in the p block. You remember my picture right? Can you find the notation for Argon?

Answer 49

3p5

Answer 50

Count. From Al to Ag. You sure it's 5?

Answer 51

Ne was 2p6. You're just going down a row. Remember, (row)(block)(column)

Answer 52

6, sorry my periodic table includes Al with the metals

Answer 53

So potassium would be next?

Answer 54

Ah. No worries! You understand the concept though, which is good. Don't worry. We're almost done. This part is a liiittle weird. The d block(transition metals) starts at row 3 even through you would intuitively suspect 4.

Answer 55

You could do the S block next, I suppose.

Answer 56

No that's okay, lets go on to d block

Answer 57

However, what's furthest to the right in the S block?

Answer 58

calcium

Answer 59

Yup. So it's calcium, not potassium.

Answer 60

When finding the next element in the notation, always check the block and then go to the element furthest to the right.

Answer 61

What's the notation for calcium?

Answer 62

oh ok

Answer 63

(row)(block)(colunm)

Answer 64

*column

Answer 65

okay

Answer 66

you're not answering the question. >_> I know it may be annoying and tedious, but believe me, we're almost done.

Answer 67

Ummm.... what was the question though?

Answer 68

I just want to make sure you understand electron notation for the future.

Answer 69

Oh notation for calcium, that message got buried.

Answer 70

4s2

Answer 71

1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2 This is what we have so far, just to refresh.

Answer 72

Now for the d block. Like I said, the row starts at 3. Zinc is last in it. I know this is a little tricky, but can you give me the notation for it?

Answer 73

3d10

Answer 74

Yup! 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 4s2, 3d10 And that's it for Zinc's notation. This last step is the easiest. The row indicates the shell or level. The number to the right of the letter indicates the number of electrons. If you line them up by their first number, the set of terms is 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, 3p6, 3d10.

Answer 75

*3d10

Answer 76

*4s2