Question

How would you know if .... is hydrgoen bond or permanent dipole or induced...

like why isnt HCl hydrogne bond..

Answer 1

You can compare the electronegativity differences between H and Cl then H and F. You'll find that H-Cl are not large enough to be considered "hydrogen bond material".

Answer 2

To add to that, hydrogen bonds occur primarily between H-F, H-O, and H-N because these combinations represent the greatest electronegativity differences that @aaronq was getting at. Remember, hydrogen bonds are FON!