Question

Please help

Answer 1

This deals with colligative properties. Essentially, the more particles \((\approx pieces)\) a compound ionizes (breaks into) the greater effect it has on the solvent in terms of osmotic pressure, freezing point depression or boiling point elevation.


So as an example, lets compare the effect of sugar and NaCl on the boiling point of water. Assume the concentration of both of them are equal.

Sugar doesnt ionize in water but NaCl does.

\(NaCl\rightarrow Na^++Cl^-\)

So there are more particles. As i mentioned before, more particles increases the boiling point. So the solution of NaCl will have a higher BP than the sugar solution.

This is apparent in the formula \(\Delta T=imK_B\), where \(i\), the van't hoff factor, has the multiplicative effect on the temperature change.

So, if m and \(K_B\) are equal, \(\Delta =i\).

\(i\) for NaCl is 2 (because 2 particles) and \(i\) for sugar is 1.

The effect of NaCl on the BP is double that of sugar.

Answer 2

"So, if m and \(K_B\) are equal, \(ΔT=i\)" ****

minor correction

Answer 3

Basically for these simple problems i believe you just look for the solute that dissociates into the most particles

Answer 4

The full detailed explanation is provided by aaronq