Question

what distinguishes a eukaryotic cell from a prokaryotic cell is the presence of?

Answer 1

a nucleus in a eukaryotic cell

Answer 2

Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, bound by a double membrane. Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus.

Eukaryotic DNA is linear; prokaryotic DNA is circular (no ends).

Eukaryotic DNA is complexed with proteins called "histones," and is organized into chromosomes; prokaryotic DNA is "naked" and has no histones associated with it, and it is not formed into chromosomes.

A eukaryotic cell contains a number of chromosomes; a prokaryotic cell contains only one circular DNA molecule and a varied assortment of much smaller circlets of DNA called "plasmids."

Both cell types have many, many ribosomes, but the ribosomes of the eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than those of the prokaryotic cell. A eukaryotic ribosome is composed of five kinds of rRNA and about eighty kinds of proteins. Prokaryotic ribosomes are composed of only three kinds of rRNA and about fifty kinds of protein.

The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is filled with a large, complex collection of organelles, many of them enclosed in their own membranes; the prokaryotic cell contains no membrane-bound organelles which are independent of the plasma membrane.

Prokaryotes are primarily bacteria

Eukaryotes cell types include:
Animals
Plants
Fungi
Algae
Protozoa