Question

Will give medal! What is the reason the group 13 metals have a typical charge of 3+?

Answer 1

Because they give up three electrons.

Answer 2

13 represents the number electrons of elements in that group. Base on octet rule, element needs 2 or 8 electrons on its valence shells to be stable and happy. The first shell contains 2 electrons, the second shell contains 8 electron and the last shell has 3 electrons left. the third shell is away from the nuclei, there is no much attract force from the nuclei, these 3 electrons are easily donated to others and being stable and happy