ok i lied i thought this question was going to be easy but im kind of confuesd

Question

anonymous · Answer

how the polarity of a neuron changes when an action potential is being produced.

ironpatriot · Answer

A neuron consists of the following structures in the following order: dendrites, soma (cell body), axon (and myelin sheath), and the axon terminal/terminal buds. Then the synapse, which isn't really a structure but actually a lack there of. 

The dendrites on a cell recieve a chemical "graded" signal potential from recieved neurotransmitters. The graded potential changes the polarity within the soma by stimulating and opening the sodium ion channels. The cell either hyperpolarizes (inhibitory) or depolarizes (excititory). If it depolarizes and "excites" the cell, an electrical impulse "action potential" is sent down the axon. The axon is protected by the myelin sheath which is produced by schwann cells. The myelin sheath increases the conductivity of the axon allowing the electrical impulse to carry all the way down the axon. When it reaches the end of the axon it travels into the axon terminal, and the terminal buds. The vesicle sacs are then stimulated, which releases neurotransmitters into the synapse. The neurotransmitters then float across the synapse and stimulate the dendrites of the postsynaptic cell, starting the whole process over again with that cell. 

When enough neurotransmitters have been released, the autoreceptor on the presynaptic cell will be stimulated. Then the neurotrasmitters reuptake into the terminal buds, where they will either be returned to the vesicle sacs for use at a later time (next time the neuron fires), or else they will be destroyed by the MAO enzyme

ironpatriot · Answer

does this help?

anonymous · Answer

yes this help thanks again good night

ironpatriot · Answer

Good Night Sleep Tight:)