Question

When electrons are removed from the outermost shell of a calcium atom, the atom becomes

an anion that has a larger radius than the atom.
an anion that has a smaller radius than the atom.
a cation that has a larger radius than the atom.
a cation that has a smaller radius than the atom.

Answer 1

Sorry, you're wrong, cations are positively charged. The correct answer is
"a cation that has a smaller radius than the atom"
Since the atom is losing an electron, it not only becomes positively charged, also the effective nuclear charge diminishes making the remaining electrons aproach the nucleus.

Answer 2

Pardon me, did I really indicate that an anion is positive, how silly! Well, that is that. Scratch B, yes, it's D.