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OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

Compare the causes and effects of the Great Leap Forward and the Cultural Revolution in China.

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

Can someone help

OpenStudy (tennis5518):

Yes! Do you know any ideas?

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

Yeah :D

OpenStudy (tennis5518):

Any idea?

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

Nah :(

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

i just left that site

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

lol

OpenStudy (alivejeremy):

For other uses, see Great Leap Forward (disambiguation). History of the People's Republic of China (PRC) National emblem of the People's Republic of China 1949–1976 Mao Era Revolution Korean War Zhen Fan Three-anti/five-anti campaigns Hundred Flowers Campaign Anti-Rightist Movement Great Leap Forward (Great Chinese Famine) Cultural Revolution (Lin Biao Gang of Four Tiananmen Incident) 1976–1989 Restructuring Economic reform Sino-Vietnamese War Beijing Spring Anti-Spiritual Pollution Campaign Tiananmen protests 1989–2002 Rising Power One country, two systems (Hong Kong Macau) Chinese reunification 2002–present China Today Sichuan earthquake Beijing Olympics Shanghai 2010 Expo Wang Lijun incident Anti-corruption campaign after the 18th Party Congress History of China PRC constitution Beijing Shanghai Generations of leadership 1. Mao 2. Deng 3. Jiang 4. Hu 5. Xi Culture Economy Education Geography Politics Portal icon China portal v t e Great Leap Forward Traditional Chinese 大躍進 Simplified Chinese 大跃进 Literal meaning "Great Leap Forward" [show]Transcriptions The Great Leap Forward (Chinese: 大跃进; pinyin: Dà yuè jìn) of the People's Republic of China (PRC) was an economic and social campaign by the Communist Party of China (CPC) from 1958 to 1961. The campaign was led by Mao Zedong and aimed to rapidly transform the country from an agrarian economy into a socialist society through rapid industrialization and collectivization. However it is widely considered to have caused the Great Chinese Famine. Chief changes in the lives of rural Chinese included the incremental introduction of mandatory agricultural collectivization. Private farming was prohibited, and those engaged in it were persecuted and labeled counter-revolutionaries. Restrictions on rural people were enforced through public struggle sessions and social pressure, although people also experienced forced labor.[1] Rural industrialization, officially a priority of the campaign, saw "its development... aborted by the mistakes of the Great Leap Forward."[2] The Great Leap ended in catastrophe, resulting in tens of millions of deaths,[3] estimated from 18 million to 32.5[4] or 45 million.[5] Historian Frank Dikötter asserts that "coercion, terror, and systematic violence were the foundation of the Great Leap Forward" and it "motivated one of the most deadly mass killings of human history".[6] The years of the Great Leap Forward actually saw economic regression, with 1958 through 1962 being the only period between 1953 and 1985 in which China's economy shrank. Political economist Dwight Perkins argues, "enormous amounts of investment produced only modest increases in production or none at all. ... In short, the Great Leap was a very expensive disaster."[7] In subsequent conferences in March 1960 and May 1962, the negative effects of the Great Leap Forward were studied by the CPC, and Mao was criticized in the party conferences. Moderate Party members like Liu Shaoqi and Deng Xiaoping rose to power, and Mao was marginalized within the party, leading him to initiate the Cultural Revolution in 1966. Pro-communist sources dispute the number of deaths in the Great Chinese Famine and deny that it was caused by the Great Leap Forward,[8] saying the campaign was successful in its aim to accelerate state industrialisation. Contents [hide] 1 Background 1.1 Agricultural collectives and other social changes 1.2 Hundred Flowers Campaign and Anti-Rightist Campaign 1.3 Surpass the UK and US 2 Organizational and operational factors 2.1 People's communes 2.2 Industrialization 2.3 Backyard furnaces 2.4 Irrigation 2.5 Crop experiments 2.6 Treatment of villagers 2.7 Lushan Conference 3 Consequences 3.1 Famine 3.1.1 Famine deaths 3.1.1.1 Methods of estimating the death toll and sources of error 3.1.2 Causes of the famine and responsibility 3.2 Deaths by violence 3.3 Impact on economy 3.4 Modes of resistance 3.5 Impact on the government 4 See also 5 References 6 Bibliography and further reading 7 External links

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