In a federal system of government (also know as a federation), the local and state governments share power with the central government, thought the central government has final authority. Explain how this is different from a unitary system of government.
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A parliamentary form of government is also a democracy. In a parliamentary government, like the United Kingdom, voters elect a parliament (a legislature, like the US Congress), and then the parliament chooses who will actually run the government -- the prime minister and the other top officials. Usually this means that the leader of the political party who has the most votes in parliament gets to be prime minister. In those countries, there may be an official called President (or, in the UK, it's the Queen), but that official doesn't have much power. It's the prime minister who actually runs things. Also, Parliament can fire the prime minister any time they want to and for any reason they want to. In the US, Congress can't fire the President except by impeachment for crimes. In the US we elect the President separately from Congress, which is why we can have a Democratic president even though one house of Congress has a Republican majority. If we had a parliamentary system, then after the Republicans had taken over the House in 2010, "Prime Minister Obama" would have been out of office and some Republican would have taken his place as prime minister. In a parliamentary system of government, the authority of the executive is taken from the legislature or the parliament. The head of state of a parliamentary form of government is normally different from the head of the government. In a parliamentary system, laws are normally passed faster and easier. Power is also evenly spread out in a parliamentary system of government.
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